关键词: 腰椎, 安全三角, 椎间孔镜, 应用解剖

Abstract:

Objective　To provide data for transforaminal endoscopic lumbar surgery at different levels.　Methods　Anatomic structures, including the height of intervertebral foramens,the morphology of safety triangle of intervertebral foramen and safety triangle of spinal canal on 10 adult cadaver spine specimens (L1～S1) were observed and measured.　Results　①The vertical dimension between the intersection of a horizontal line drawn through the middle of disc space and the tip of the safety triangle of intervertebral foramen and the exiting nerve root at L1/2～L5/S1 were (4.75±0.80), (6.42±0.44), (7.30±0.82),(7.74±0.52) and (4.68±1.27) mm; ② The distance between the intersection of a horizontal line drawn through the middle of posterior margin of disc and the vertical line drawn through the medial one third of the pedicle and the exiting nerve root at L1/2～L5/S1 were (4.02±0.78), (4.67±0.65), (5.17±0.91), (6.16±0.74) and (5.48±0.61) mm; ③ The distance between the intersection of a horizontal line drawn through the middle of posterior margin of disc and the vertical line drawn through the medial one third of the pedicle and the thecal sac/traversing nerve root at L1/2~L5/S1 were (3.89±0.61), (4.39±0.71), (5.17±0.97), (6.58±0.70) and (6.22±1.20)mm.　Conclusions　Understanding detailed anatomic features of lumbar vertebrae is valuable for choosing a suitable working cannula during transforaminal endoscopic lumbar surgery.

Key words:  Lumbar vertebrae, Safety triangle, Transforaminal endoscopic, Applied anatomy