项韧带骨化的研究进展

doi:10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.2.19

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中国临床解剖学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2) : 229-233. DOI: 10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.2.19

综述

项韧带骨化的研究进展

叶文林，陈崇，梁国彦，叶勇裕，余涛，程星，郑晓青，昌耘冰*

作者信息 +

Advances in the study of ossification of the nuchal ligaments of the cervical spine

Ye Wenlin, Chen Chong, Liang Guoyan, Ye Yongyu, Yu Tao, Cheng Xing, Zheng Xiaoqing, Chang Yunbing*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

项韧带骨化 (Ossification of the Nuchal Ligament, ONL) 指项韧带软组织区发生致密钙化或骨化，常由项韧带组织损伤与退变引起，破坏颈椎力学平衡引起颈部不适。ONL和术前颈椎不稳、颈椎病的发生之间存在相关性。ONL的发生发展与多种分子和环境因素相关，但ONL在不同阶段的病理生理发展的认识还不清楚。ONL是异位骨化类型之一，目前异位骨化已经发现多种致病基因，外在致病因素也被证实在异位骨化中起重要作用，这些研究有助于对ONL可能的病理生理机制进行剖析。因此，本文分析ONL的流行病学及病因学，解剖及生物力学，临床发展史、分型及临床意义，病理生理及基因调控机制、外在致病因素的相关文章，为伴有ONL的退变性颈脊髓病患者单开门术后的颈椎稳定性研究和ONL的分子机制研究提供建议。

Abstract

Ossification of the Nuchal Ligament (ONL) refers to the dense calcification or ossification of the soft tissue area of the nuchal ligament often caused by the damage and degeneration of the nuchal ligament tissue, which disrupts the biomechanical balance of the cervical spine and causes neck discomfort. ONL is often found accidentally by X-ray examination of cervical spondylosis, because the initial symptoms of most patients with ossification of the nuchal ligament are mild. Although studies have suggested that the occurrence and development of ONL are related to a variety of molecular and environmental factors, the pathophysiological development of ONL at different stages of development is still unclear. ONL is one type of the heterotopic ossification. Many studies have confirmed the correlation between ONL and preoperative cervical instability and cervical spondylosis. However, ONL is often removed in laminoplasty, and studies on the long-term stability of cervical spondylosis patients with ONL after surgery are rare. Different genes and extrinsic causative factors have been proved to play an important role in the progression of ectopic ossification. Meanwhile, osteogenic precursor cells, local tissue microenvironment and nervous system regulation also play an important role in ectopic ossification. This paper analyzes the epidemiology and etiology, anatomy and biomechanics, clinical history, classification and clinical significance. Pathophysiological mechanism and external pathogenic factors of ONL, and further summarizes them for a better understanding of ONL. In addition, suggestions were provided for the study of cervical spine stability and molecular mechanism of ONL in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy after single door opening surgery.

导出引用

叶文林, 陈崇, 梁国彦, 叶勇裕, 余涛, 程星, 郑晓青, 昌耘冰. 项韧带骨化的研究进展[J]. 中国临床解剖学杂志. 2025, 43(2): 229-233 https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.2.19

Ye Wenlin, Chen Chong, Liang Guoyan, Ye Yongyu, Yu Tao, Cheng Xing, Zheng Xiaoqing, Chang Yunbing. Advances in the study of ossification of the nuchal ligaments of the cervical spine[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy. 2025, 43(2): 229-233 https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.2.19

中图分类号： R322.73

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