一种研究choke 血管新的动物模型—大鼠背部皮窗
庄跃宏, 胡斯旺, 吴东方, 丁茂超, 黄美贤, 唐茂林, 徐达传
中国临床解剖学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6) : 609-613.
一种研究choke 血管新的动物模型—大鼠背部皮窗
A new method for observation of choke vessels: the dorsal skinfold chamber on the rat
目的 建立大鼠背部皮窗来观察大鼠皮肤血管体之间的choke血管。 方法 首先设计一种可以骑跨在大鼠背部的观察窗，之后在SD大鼠背部一侧设计切取一个以髂腰动脉皮支为蒂的跨3个血管体区的皮瓣，后原位缝合。将观察窗对准皮瓣的choke区安装上去，每隔12 h在体视显微镜下观察choke血管的形态，用数码相机拍照, 连续观察7 d。 结果 10只中有3只术后出现严重感染。通过皮窗观察孔能够完整流器地观察到choke区的动静脉。皮瓣掀起60 h可见连接小静脉管径发生轻微扩张，随后几天管径继续扩张，并因为血流动力学的改变，血管的曲度增加；这些小静脉的管径扩张于术后5 d达到极致。术后choke区静脉干及动脉管径也可见相应扩张，但其变化不及静脉明显。 结论 与之前报道过的X线造影、CTA相比，大鼠背部皮窗作为观察choke血管的一种新的方法，其最大的优点是能在同一活体上对choke血管在较长时间内进行实时观察。其缺点为频繁麻醉可能影响大鼠的生理状态。
Objective To adopt of the dorsal skinfold chamber on the rat for observation of choke vessels between the angiosomes of the rat's skin. Methods Firstly, a dorsal skinfold chamber that could ride on the back of the rat after its install was designed；Then, a three-territory flap based on the cutaneous perforator of the ilicolumbar artery was harvested, which was sutured back in situ immediately; Finally, the dorsal skinfold chamber was installed for real-time intravital microscopic monitoring at an interval of 12h continuously for seven days. Results 3 rats from 10 developed serious infection. Through the observatory hole of the dorsal skinfold chamber, both the choke arteries and veins can be clearly and integrally demonstrated. Mild expansion at the diameter of the communicating venules appeared 60 hours after flap elevation, and continued as time went on, reaching its maximal 5 days after flap elevation. The increase in the diameter of the venous trunks and choke arteries also happened, but not in the same massive scale as the communicating venules. Conclusions Compared with conventional methods for investigation of choke vessels reported in literature such as X-ray radiographic angiography, computed tomographic angiography, the greatest advantage of the dorsal skinfold chamber is that it allows real-time and in vivo monitoring of choke vessels in rodent models. The shortcoming is that frequent anesthesia would inevitably lead to some influence at the physiological state of the rats.
Perforasome; Perforator flap; Choke vessels; Skinfold chamber
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国家自然基金资助（81071576）（30871308）；广东省自然科学基金（915105150100021）
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