人与狗迷走/交感干的比较解剖及其喉上神经外支纤维成分
许士叶, 董剑平, 孙善全, Kannaiyan Vijesh, Ramnarayan, Joyeeta Sengupta
中国临床解剖学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4) : 431-434.
人与狗迷走/交感干的比较解剖及其喉上神经外支纤维成分
Cervical vagus and sympathetic trunk and fiber components of external laryngeal nerve: comparative anatomy between human and dog
目的 对人与狗的颈段迷走/交感干进行比较解剖，并鉴定狗的喉上神经外支的纤维成分。方法 随机解剖经福尔马林固定的成年人尸体颈部（n=50）及狗的颈部（n=10），暴露其颈交感干与喉上神经及其外支间的交通；并取狗的喉上神经外支，甲醛固定，明胶包埋，恒冷切片后用Karnovsky AchE组化方法染色并观察。 结果 狗的迷走神经结状神经节与颈上神经节完全或部分融合，迷走神经干与交感神经干完全或部分融合为迷走-交感干；而人的结状神经节与颈上神经节互相分离；颈上神经节与喉上神经及其分支之间存在交通，其中颈上神经节与喉上神经外支相交通者占86%。AchE染色显示：狗的喉上神经外支含AchE阳性有髓神经纤维、AchE阴性有髓神经纤维和AchE阳性无髓神经纤维。 结论 喉上神经外支呈袢状，而非干式，含躯体运动、交感神经节后及躯体感觉纤维，因此喉上神经外支为一混合神经。
Objective To compare the differences of cervical vagus and sympathetic trunks between human being and dog, and identify the fiber components of the dog external laryngeal nerve (ELN). Methods 50 adult human cadavers fixed with formalin and 10 fresh dog cadavers were randomly used. The superior laryngeal nerve and its branches, superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (SCSG) and nodose ganglion (NG) were exposed. The communications between the cervical sympathetic trunk and the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) were identified. The tissues from ELN and NG together with a branch from dog SCSG were taken for AchE activity analysis. Results In dog, the nodosum of vagus and the SCSG were completely or partially fused. In human being, the nodosum of vagus and SCSG separated, and in the most cases (86%) the SCSG connected with the ELN. The AchE staining demonstrated the presence of three different types of fibers in dog ELN: AchE-positive myelinated fibers, AchE-negative myelinated fibers and AchE-positive unmyelinated fibers. Conclusions ELN is looped in shape and innervates the thyroid gland. ELN is a mixed nerve carrying somato-motor, post-ganglionic sympathetic and a few somato-sensory fibers.
颈上神经节（SCSG） / 喉上神经（SLN） / 喉上神经外支（ELN） / 结状神经节（NG） / 神经纤维成分 / 人 / 狗
Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion(SCSG / Superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) / External laryngeal nerve (ELN) / Nodose ganglion (NG) / Nerve fiber component / Human being / Dog
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