中国临床解剖学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 185-189.doi: 10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2019.02.014

• 临床生物力学 • 上一篇    下一篇

钢板骨折区增加螺钉帽对胫骨骨折内固定影响的有限元分析

吴耿1,3, 张振伟2, 张美超4, 李征2   

  1. 1.广州医科大学,  广州   510000;    2.广州医科大学附属深圳沙井医院手外科,  深圳   518104;    3. 深圳市
    龙华区中心医院,  深圳   518110; 4.南方医科大学基础医学院人体解剖学教研室,  广州   510000
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-17 出版日期:2019-03-25 发布日期:2019-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 张振伟,主任医师,研究生导师,E-mail: zhangzw 666@gmail.com; 张美超,副教授,E-mail:zmc@fimmu.com
  • 作者简介:吴耿(1980-),在读硕士,副主任医师,主要从事创伤骨科,Tel:13510619714,E-mail:119665052@qq.com

Finite element analysis of the effect of increasing screw cap on internal fixation of tibial fracture in fracture area of steel plate

WU Geng 1,3,  ZHANG Zhen-wei 2, ZHANG Mei-chao 4,  LI Zheng 2   

  1. 1. Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China;  2. Department of Hand Surgery, The Shenzhen Shajing Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen 518104, China; 3. Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China; 4. Department of Anatomy , Southern Medical University ,Guangzhou 510515, China
  • Received:2018-12-17 Online:2019-03-25 Published:2019-04-29

摘要:

目的 探讨固定胫骨骨折时骨折区钢板置入螺钉帽对固定结构生物力学性能的影响。  方法 通过CT扫描数据和三维图像重建,模拟临床手术固定建立胫骨中段粉碎性骨折锁定钢板固定有限元模型,13孔钢板布钉位置为1、2、4、5、9、10、12、13孔,骨折区钉孔为6,7,8,并设计两种钢板固定方式:A(骨折区置入螺钉帽)和B(骨折区不置螺钉帽),对模型A和模型B分别进行600N压缩试验和1000N三点弯曲试验,计算分析模型各部位的力学指标并进行比较分析。   结果 压缩试验中,模型A钢板最大应力出现在钢板下端,模型B钢板最大应力出现在骨折区,模型A钢板最大应力明显小于模型B;三点弯曲试验中,两种模型钢板最大应力均出现在骨折区,模型A钢板最大应力明显小于模型B。   结论 在钢板骨折区空螺钉孔处增加螺钉帽,可以明显降低钢板的最大应力,减少钢板骨折区的应力集中,从而减少在骨折端处钢板发生疲劳性断裂的风险。

关键词: 螺钉帽,  锁定钢板,  骨折内固定术,  有限元分析

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effect of the placement of the screw cap on the biomechanical properties of the fixed structure in the fracture zone when the fixed tibial fracture was performed. Methods Through the CT scan data and 3D image reconstruction, the finite element model of the fixed plate fixation of the comminuted fracture of middle tibia was established by simulated clinical operation. The position of the nail at the 13-hole plate was 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 10, 12, and 13 holes, and nail holes in the fracture area were 6,7,and 8, and two kinds of plate fixation methods were designed: A (the screw cap placed in the fracture zone) and B (the screw cap not placed in the fracture zone), and model A and model B were tested by 600N compression test and 1000N three-point bending test respectively. The mechanical indexes of each part of the model were calculated and analyzed, and the comparison was made. Results In the compression test, the maximum stress of the model A steel plate appeared at the lower end of the steel plate, and the maximum stress of the model B steel plate appeared in the fracture zone. The maximum stress of the model A was significantly smaller than that of the model B. In the three-point bending test, the maximum stress of the two model steel plates appeared in the fracture zone. The maximum stress of model A was significantly smaller than that of model B. Conclusion Adding screw cap at the empty screw hole in the fracture zone of the steel plate can significantly reduce the maximum stress of the steel plate and reduce the stress concentration in the fracture zone of the steel plate, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue fracture of the steel plate at the fracture end.

Key words: Screw cap,  Locking plate,  Fracture internal fixation,  Finite element analysis