关键词: 面动脉, 　颊动脉, 　颊黏膜瓣, 　泪道

Abstract: Objective　To provide anatomical basis for reconstructing the lacrimal duct by the buccal mucosa flap based on the facial artery perforator.　Methods　20 sides of 10 adult head specimens were perfused with red latex and were dissociated to observe the following contents: ①The origin, branches and distribution of the facial artery perforators; ②The origin, branches and distribution of the buccal artery. ③The anastomosis of the facial artery and the buccal artery. In addition, mimic operation design was performed on one side of the fresh specimen.　Results　The blood supply of the buccal mucosa was multi-source, which was mainly composed of the perforating branches from the facial artery, buccal artery and posterior superior alveolar artery. ① The facial artery commonly arose from the external carotid artery, then crossed over the mandibular bone at the front edge of the masseter muscle and arrived at the face, and finally ran obliquely towards the medial canthus to anastomose with the dorsal nasal artery. The facial artery sent out several branches to nourish the neck region and face region on its way. It also sent out 1~3 buccal branches at (1.10 ± 0.31) cm lateral to the angulus oris, innervating the buccal muscle and the front-middle part of mucosa and anastomosing with the buccal branches of buccal artery and the buccal branches of the posterior superior alveolar artery; ②The buccal artery originated from the pterygoid segment of the maxillary artery and ran anteriorly and inferiorly under the deep surface of the temporal muscle. It sent out branches, which distributed at the postero-middle part of the buccal mucosa, and anastomosed with the perforators of the facial artery. When the maxillary artery sent out thin and short buccal branches, the thick posterior superior alveolar artery buccal branches with a 5% occurrence rate  compensated them.　Conclusions　The buccal mucosal flap based on the facial artery perforator is abundant in blood supply and may become a supplement for the reconstruction of the lacrimal duct.

Key words: Facial artery,  ,  , Buccal artery, 　Buccal mucosa flap, 　Lacrimal duct