Abstract: 　Objective　To explore the relationship between anatomy and biological characteristics of middle transverse colon cancer, to study the relationship between the choice of operation and prognosis, and to determine the best mode of operation.　Methods　Using anatomical and imaging data, gross specimens and three-dimensional vascular reconstruction maps were studied, and the clinical effects and survival of patients with middle transverse colon cancer treated by different laparoscopic operations were analyzed retrospectively.　Results　(1)The primary and secondary vascular ligation can ensure the blood supply of the anastomotic colon; (2)The coincidence rate of preoperative three-dimensional vascular reconstruction and intraoperative vascular exploration was more than 90%; (3)There was no statistical difference in the intraoperative bleeding volume, operation time, postoperative complications and overall survival rate between the transverse colectomy group and the expanded colectomy group. There was significant difference in the number of lymph node dissection between the two groups.　Conclusions　Laparoscopic transverse colectomy alone has a tendency to reduce the risk of postoperative complications compared with extended radical resection of colon cancer, and there is no statistical difference in prognosis between them. Transverse colectomy is the best surgical method for middle transverse colon cancer.

Key words: Middle transverse colon cancer;　Simple radical resection of middle transverse colon cancer, 　Extended radical resection of transverse colon cancer;　Prognosis