[1] Schwabegger AH, Harpf C，Rainer C .Muscle-sparing latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap with maintenance of muscle innervation, function, and aesthetic appearance of the donor site
[J].Plast Reconstr Surg, 2003,111(4): 1407-1411.

[2] Koshima I, Soeda S. Inferior epigastric artery skin flap without rectus abdom inis muscle
[J]. Br Plast Surg, 1989, 42 (5) : 645-648.

[3] Angrigiani C,Grilli D,Siebert J.Latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap without muscle
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1995, 96(7): 1608-1614.

[4]  Blondeel PN,Van Landuyt K,Monstrey S,et  al.The“Gent”consensus on perforator flap terminology: preliminary definitions
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2003, 112(5):1378-1383.

[5]  Schaverien M,Wong C,Bailey S,et  al. Thoracodorsal artery perforator flap and Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap-anatomical study of the constant skin paddle perforator locations
[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2010,63(12):  2123-2127.

[6]  侯团结,高学宏，郑和平,等. 胸背动脉肌皮穿支皮瓣的解剖学研究与临床意义
[J]. 中华整形外科杂志, 2007,23(3): 202-205.

[7] Thomas BP, Geddes CP, Tang ML,et al.The vascular basis of the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2005, 116(3):818-822.

[8]  陆林国,徐秋华，燕山,等.高频彩超对穿支皮瓣血管的探索研究.
[J].上海医学影像, 2008,17(3): 200-202.

[9] Schaverien M, Saint-Cyr M, Arbique G,et al. Three-and four-dimensional arterial and venous anatomies of the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2008, 121(5): 1578-1587.

[10] Schwabegger AH,Bodner G, Ninkovic M ,et  al. Thoracodorsal artery perforator (TAP) flap: report of our experience and review of the literature
[J]. Br J Plast Surg, 2002, 55(5): 390-395.

[11] 毛驰 ,俞光岩. 游离背阔肌皮瓣及胸背动脉穿支皮瓣在头颈缺损修复中的应用
[J]. 现代口腔医学杂志, 2008,22(03): 316-318.

[12] 杨大平,唐茂林，Morri SF,等.胸背动脉穿支皮瓣的解剖研究和临床应用
[J].中国临床解剖学杂志, 2006,24(3): 240-242.

[13] 许扬滨,向剑平，刘小林，等. 不带背阔肌的胸背动脉穿支皮瓣的设计和应用
[J].中华显微外科杂志, 2006,29(5):335-337.

[14] Schwabegger AH, Harpf C ,Rainer C. Muscle-sparing latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap with maintenance of muscle innervation, function, and aesthetic appearance of the donor site
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2003, 111(4): 1407-1411.

[15] Guerra  AB, Metzinger SE, Lund KM, et  al. The thoracodorsal artery perforator flap: clinical experience and anatomic study  with emphasis on harvest techniques
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2004. 114(1): 32-41.

[16] Koshima I,Narushima M,Mihara M,et al.New thoracodorsal artery perforator (TAPcp) flap with capillary perforators for reconstruction of upper limb
[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2010, 63(1): 140-145.

[17] Zhang PH,Lu CL,Long JH, et  al. Improved latissimus dorsi flap free grafting based on erforator flap conception for repairing soft tissue defects in the lower extremity
[J]. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research, 2010,14(31): 5873-5877.

[18] Dast S,Berna P,Qassemyar Q, et al. A new option for autologous anterior chest wall reconstruction: the composite thoracodorsal artery perforator flap
[J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2012, 93(3): 67-69.

[19] Turner AJ, Haywood RM. Extending the reach of the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap for coverage of the shoulder
[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2008, 61(8): 989-990.

[20] Busnardo FF,Coltro PS,Olivan MV, et  al. The thoracodorsal artery perforator flap in the treatment of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa: effect on preservation of arm abduction
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 128(4): 949-953.

[21] Karaaltin MV, Erden A,Kurat S,et  al. Comparison of clinical outcomes between single- and multiple-perforator-based free thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps: clinical experience in 87 patients
[J]. Plast  Reconstr Surg,2011, 128(3): 158-165.

[22] Bidros RS,Metzinger SE，Guerra AB.The thoracodorsal artery perforator-scapular osteocutaneous (TDAP-SOC) flap for reconstruction of palatal and maxillary defects
[J]. Ann Plast Surg, 2005, 54(1): 59-65.

[23] Hamdi M,  Salgarello M,  Adesi LB ,et  al. Use of the thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flap with implant in breast reconstruction
[J]. Ann Plast Surg, 2008, 61(2): 143-146.

[24] Adler N, Seitz IA, Song DH. Pedicled thoracodorsal artery perforator flap in breast reconstruction: clinical experience
[J]. Eplasty, 2009, 9: 231-242.

[25] Hamdi M, Landuyt KV, Hijjawi JB,  et al. Surgical technique in pedicled thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps: a clinical experience with 99 patients
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2008, 121(5): 1632-1641.

[26] Heitmann C, Guerra A, Metzinger SW , et  al. The thoracodorsal artery perforator flap: anatomic basis and clinical application
[J]. Ann Plast Surg, 2003,51(1): 23-29.

[27 ] Saint-Cyr M, Schaverien MV, Rohrich RJ. Perforator flaps: history, controversies, physiology, anatomy, and use in reconstruction
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2009, 123(4): 132-145.

[28]唐举玉.穿支皮瓣的临床应用进展
[J].中华显微外科杂志，2011,34(5):359-362.

[29] Wei FC，Mardini S.Free-style free flaps
[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2004,114(4):910-916.

[30] 裴国献.我国显微外科学发展走向的新思考—显微外科的昨天、今天和明天
[J].中华显微外科杂志，2011,34(1):1-3.