Abstract: Objective　To evaluate the surgical complications and prevention methods of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy(PEID) for lumbar disc herniation.　Methods　Total of 56 cases with single-segment lumbar disc herniation underwent PEID surgery in our hospital were analyzed. The levels of herniation were L4/5 in 30 cases, L5/S1 in 26 cases. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores and JOA scores at preoperative and postoperative were observed to evaluate the clinical effects. The complications during operation and post-operation were studied respectively. 　Results　All cases were followed up, the VAS scores, ODI scores and JOA scores at 24 hours, 3 months and 12 months after operation were significantly improved as compared to those of pre-operative. The complications were found in 12 cases, with the incidence rate of 21.43%. In 3 cases, the neck pain was relieved by changing the pressure of the washing liquid, numbness of perineum was noted in 1 case, lumbago was noted in 4 cases and postoperative dysesthesia and weakness in 2 cases. Dural tear was found in 1 case, who recovered after posterior open lumbar discectomy immediately. 1 case had partial nerve root injury. All of the patients were recovered. There were no infection, no peritoneal and abdominal organ damage, no cauda equina nerve damage, no bad wound healing and no recurrence 1 year after operation.　Conclusions 　PEID has a good short-term effect in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, but also has related complications. The operator should understand the possible complications and take corresponding preventive measures.

Key words: Lumbar disc herniation, 　Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, 　Interlaminar approach, 　Complication